KFTE Industrial Valve Solutions

Petrochemical plants and refineries both process hydrocarbon derived materials. Refineries focus on fuels production. Refinery products include LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), gasoline (petrol), kerosene and jet fuel, diesel, fuel oils, and coke. Petrochemicals focus on creating intermediates used to produce industrial and consumer products. Major petrochemical processes include steam cracking to produce ethylene (ethane), propylene (propene), and butadiene and aromatics plants producing benzene, toluene, xylene and other aromatics. At intermediate points in their processes, refineries produce molecules of interest to petrochemical operations, and petrochemical plants produce molecules important to refineries.

Mining industry refers to the cluster of processes involved in the extraction, management, and processing of naturally occurring solid minerals from the earth's surface, resulting in the production of economically valuable products such as coal, diamond, metallic ores, and oil. It plays a significant role in the global economy, impacting other industries such as energy production and chemical manufacturing. Mining industry also involve processes associated with mineral processing, surface mining, market of mining equipment, etc.

A power station also referred to as a power plant and sometimes generating station or generating plant, is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power. Power stations are generally connected to an electrical grid. Most power stations in the world burn fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas to generate electricity. Low-carbon power sources include nuclear power, and use of renewables such as solar, wind, geothermal, and hydroelectric.

Pipeline transport refers to the transportation of gas through a network of pipelines, using various equipment and instrumentation such as meters, valves, compressors, and safety devices. It is the oldest and most commonly used technology for gas transportation worldwide. Pipelines are used to convey fluids from one location to another in a safe, efficient and reliable manner. Crude oil and natural gas are often found far from the final consumer markets and therefore need to be transported over great distances. Pipelines have traditionally been the most cost effective means of transporting the many different types of fluids handled by the oil and gas industry.

The gas is first extracted and transported to a processing plant where it is purified by removing any condensates such as water, oil, mud, as well as other gases such as CO2 and H2S. An LNG process train will also typically be designed to remove trace amounts of mercury from the gas stream to prevent mercury from amalgamating with aluminum in the cryogenic heat exchangers. The gas is then cooled down in stages until it is liquefied. LNG is finally stored in storage tanks and can be loaded and shipped.

Chemical processing is efficient in the removal of surface impurities that had not been removed during the various steps of physical processing. The three chemical processes that can be done are: i) acid washing, ii) leaching and iii) hot chlorination. This type of processing is effective towards alkaline impurities, such as sodium and potassium.